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武汉大学何军团队 | 用于传感器内信息处理的单晶VO2薄膜光突触

  • 2026-09-03 20:35:47
武汉大学何军团队 | 用于传感器内信息处理的单晶VO2薄膜光突触

#光突触, #VO2薄膜, #光探测器阵列, #感内计算, #信息压缩

引用本文：Hou X J, Wang X T, Yin L, et al. Photo-synapses based on single-crystalline VO2 films for in-sensor information processing. Sci China Inf Sci, 2026, 69(6): 162405, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-025-4762-8

研究意义

面对大数据时代传统冯·诺依曼架构在能效与通信带宽上的瓶颈，神经形态计算凭借类生物信息处理能力成为突破方向。VO2作为典型的莫特材料，其近室温金属-绝缘体相变（MIT）及优异的阻变特性，为下一代神经形态器件提供了核心支撑。在本研究中，我们开发了一种基于高质量单晶 VO2薄膜的全光调制人工突触，系统探究了其材料特性、器件性能及信息处理潜力。

本文工作

通过磁控溅射技术在 c 面蓝宝石衬底上制备的 VO2薄膜，经多尺度表征证实具有高结晶质量与优良均匀性。XRD、HAADF-STEM 等测试表明，薄膜呈现纯单斜相（M）结构；变温电学测试表明相变温度在升温时为 337 K、降温时为 328 K，表现出 9 K 的典型热滞特性。拉曼光谱验证了薄膜在变温过程中 M 相到 R 相的可逆结构转变，且大面积范围内成分与结构均匀性良好。
基于该薄膜构建的器件阵列展现出优异的光电响应性能，2 英寸阵列包含 28,862 个器件，密度达 1,424 个 /cm2。器件在 808 nm 和 1550 nm 红外光照射下均表现出稳定可逆的光开关行为。通过调控光脉冲的间隔、功率与数量，成功模拟了兴奋性突触后电流（EPSC）、成对脉冲易化（PPF）、短 / 长时程可塑性（STP/LTP）等核心突触功能。
将该光突触器件用作图像预处理器，构建三层人工神经网络，实现了高效信息压缩。4×4 像素图像经处理后被压缩为 4×1 特征向量，在含噪声的 “C”、“H”、“I”、“P” 字母识别任务中，仅需 28 个训练周期即达到 96% 的识别准确率。
该研究通过对VO2的精准调控与器件阵列化集成，为发展高能效神经形态计算与智能视觉系统提供了新路径，凸显了 VO2基光突触在大规模信息处理中的应用潜力。
Figure 1 单晶VO2薄膜的多尺度表征
Figure 2 VO2薄膜的拉曼光谱
Figure 3 VO2器件阵列的电学和光电特性
Figure 4 VO2器件的光突触特性
Figure 5 基于VO2光突触的信息预处理和压缩应用
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